Scientific background: Self-Esteem
About this test
The scale was developed in 1965 by sociologist Morris Rosenberg and remains the most widely used instrument for measuring global self-esteem in psychological research today. Numerous studies across many countries and languages show very good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha usually above .85) and stable test-retest reliability. The scale deliberately measures a one-dimensional, global sense of self-worth, not individual facets like a sense of competence or body image.
Dimensions
Global Self-Esteem
Sum across all ten items (0–30 points).
Sources & license
Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton University Press.
The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale is public domain and may be used freely for research and clinical work without permission. Item wording, reverse-scored items, and the scoring key were verified verbatim against the Fetzer Institute's academic compendium of the scale.
https://www.chla.org/rosenberg-self-esteem-scale